The formation of a correct posture in children is highly dependent on the environment. The responsibility of the parents, as well as the staff of the preschool and school facilities, the development, mainly the muscles of the back, the legs and of the abdomen. it comes on the correct Position of the child when standing, sitting and walking, as well as the exercises, This is necessary to the child's natural muscles.
About the spine and its changes
The vertebral column (the spine) is an important part of the axial skeleton of man consists of 33-34 vertebrae, which are connected to each other, ligaments and joints.
In the mother's womb Kids spine looks like a smooth bend. At the appearance of the child to the light, his spine straightened, and changes in a almost straight line. Exactly from the time of the birth posture begins. In the presence of skills Retention of the head in the raised position, the cervical spine of the child, the so-called cervical lordosis occurs gradually bend forward. When the time came, if the child can already sit, in the area of the thoracic spine, his spine bending, only the back (kyphosis). And if the child begins in the lumbar spine, with time, the curve is formed with the rounding of which is directed to the front. This is the lordosis of the lumbar spine. Therefore, it is important for the proper formation of the child's attitude.
About body posture and your injuries
Posture refers to the ability of a person to keep your body in the different States. It is right and wrong.
Body posture is correct, if the ease of standing man, in her usual pose, no unnecessary active tension and keeps your head and body straight. Besides, he has an easy gait, has, easy to hanging, and back to reserved, the shoulders, the chest forward, tighten the belly and the legs, especially in the knees.
In case of incorrect body posture of the person will not be able to keep your body properly, so that is in the rule and moving on half-bent legs, drooping shoulders and head, but also the belly. In this attitude, the normal functioning of the internal organs hurt.
Different posture, whether Stoop, lordosis, kyphosis or scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine) – quite common in children of preschool age and school age. Basically, it is weakened, the children either physically or suffer from any chronic disease, either already hurt serious diseases in early childhood.
Prevention of posture disorders
Prevention of injuries associated with posture, must be integrated and be based on the following principles.
The right diet.
Continuously developing organism of the child during the entire growth needs useful nutrients. The diet should be wholesome and varied, for it depends on it, such as the correct development of the muscles and the bones.
Motor Activity.
Very important for the health of the children body posture employment by physical exercises, various kinds of sports (especially skiing and swimming), gymnastics, Hiking, active games outdoors, to take into account, etc., that the physical development of a child should not make any sudden and quick charges.
The correct mode of the day.
To avoid problems with the posture, is not necessary to organize only, the correct mode of the day (walk, sleep, waking, feeding, etc.), but also to be followed strictly without any exceptions, for example, on the weekend.
Comfortable Children's Room.
- The room should be a high-quality lighting. For more Desk lamp Desk about a child.
- The height of the table should correspond to the size of the child. There are also special school benches, specially designed for the correction of the posture of the student.
- The chair must repeat the curves of the body. However, instead of such an orthopedic chair can be put for the back on the level of the lumbar spine cushion in addition to the ordinary chair. The height of the chair in the ideal case, is equal to the height of the lower leg. Do not use a footrest, if they reach the floor.
- The child should sit, his back rested on the back of the chair, and the head slightly bent forwards, and between the body and the table was easy, with the palm of the jetty. When not cleaning up legs, there is a distortion of the spine, and circulatory disorders.
- In the baby bed smooth and firm the mattress should be. By this way the mass of the body of a child is evenly distributed and the muscles are maximally relaxed, after the vertical Position of the trunk for the whole day. Avoid, that the child slept on a soft surface. This provokes the formation of irregular curvatures of the spine during sleep. In addition, soft mattress warming stimulates the intervertebral discs, which in connection with the impaired Thermo-Regulation. About children's pillow, it should be flat, and only under the head and under the shoulders.
The qualified correction of the shoes.
The correct, accurate and up to date selection of children's shoes can avoid parents and also eliminate many problems, such as functional shortening of the limb, the disturbances in the posture or the compensation of defects Stop (articulated feet).
A uniform distribution of the loads.
It is known that often, especially in school age, when the children observed the rapid growth of bone and muscle mass, they, unfortunately, acquire the curvature of the spine. This happens due to the fact that in this age, the spine of the child is not suitable for large loads. Parents should not try to overload the child in the carry bag, backpack or briefcase. Remember that, according to the weight, which allows the lifting of a child, is 10% of the total body weight.
The back of the school bags should be smooth and firm, its width must not be greater than the width of the shoulders. The school bag should not hang below the belt, and the belt on it should be soft and wide, to the length regulated. Unacceptable for a long time, carrying heavy bags on one shoulder, which is especially important for girls. In this case, the curvature of the spine can be an unavoidable Problem.
On the right difficult to transport, it is known that bending over that heavy and pick it up – this is a huge load on the spine and so you can't do that. Properly, it would be the first to sit down with a smooth back, then we take him on the breast, lifting and carrying. And as advice to parents: even if they are not in accordance with this rule, bring him your child.
The formation of the correct posture
To stimulate the growth and develop the muscles of the child, you can begin to be sure, since his birth. To develop their growth and strength faster. For infants, a great help in this massage (on medical prescription).
Child at the age of 2-3 months you can begin the exercises for Training the muscle groups that hold the back of the body in the correct Position. Is sufficient land with the help of the hand, to raise a child, putting them out of Position "lying" on the "up" Position, then just keep him in limbo. To move In this Position, the muscles and joints of the child, training all the muscle groups.
After 1.5 years in the Form of games with the child, you can gymnastics start. Together, you can "chop wood", "cat" выгибать the back, "to vibrate the water," walk by the pull of a line, as on a rope, rolling on the ground, course to go through, and the like, you Can ask the child to represent bird: lying on the belly, "to straighten wings" (hands to the sides) and holding the legs by the ankles.
Attitude of the child is formed before puberty. The whole time you watch their training. If the child was already a certain amount of injury until the beginning of this period, it can be fixed. The child should be regularly with your doctor and orthopedist, of the registers with him, and through all of the available types of treatment It may be, healing gymnastics, swimming, Massage, physiotherapy, manual therapy and surgical treatment (according to the statements).
Useful exercises
For the formation of the correct posture in children, as well as the prevention of injuries in the course of employment, morning gymnastics, physical culture, and during this time at home and mainly in preschool and school institutions, you can create a variety of useful exercises. The following are examples of such exercises are.
- The child stands on a leg or foot on the beam.
- Holding behind the back of the Hoop, the child makes the slopes on the sides.
- Keep a stick in the Hand, the child squats on the toes standing.
- Arms at sides, the child back makes the climbs.
- By tilting the legs apart, and holds in his hands a stick, a child, flexing, power forward.
- The child lifts the legs up, lying on his back.
- The child creeps on all fours.
- The child, which go to maintain the correct posture, keep a load on the head.
- The hands down child holds the stick at the ends and raise your hands upwards, the Stick for the back, then the inclines switch to the left and to the right.
- With stretching, or the Swedish wall, the child buried firmly in his hands, Latte, bends the legs at a right angle and in this Position for a few seconds.
- While in the position "feet together, hands omit", the child withdraws the right foot, and the hands helpless on the sides and freezes after that, you repeated the exercise with the left foot.
- Lying on his back, the child with the help of the legs, "pedals a Bicycle," or shows "scissors".
- Lying on the stomach, the child lifts the knees bent, ankles, wraps his hands and begins to sway, as a boat on the waves.
- Standing in front of the mirror, the child, alternately, first breaks, and then the posture is corrected.
- The child is on the wall with five points (back of the head, shoulder blades, buttocks, calves and heels). These points are the curves of our body to the outside and in the standard must be in contact with the wall. Then he performs the various movements, for example squats or breeding feet and hands in Hand, straining the muscles in an average of 5 seconds.
Conclusion
Dear parents, remember, and tell the child to Sit "up straight" of course, but that's still not enough. They begin to worry about the health of their children is still "in diapers" and be careful to time for the employment with you. An important point in the formation of the correct posture of the child is a personal example. Perform the exercises together with the child, keep your back straight and healthy!